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Price range: 149,00 zł through 599,00 zł incl. VAT
Vacuum infusion (vacuum resin infusion) is an advanced method of manufacturing composite parts, particularly from carbon, glass and natural fibres, in which the resin is drawn through the laminate solely by vacuum.
Unlike classic hand layup, in infusion:
the fabrics are laid dry,
the whole stack is sealed in a vacuum bag,
the infusion resin is drawn evenly through the whole laminate.
This technology is widely used in motorsport, the marine industry, aviation, furniture making and R&D projects – wherever low mass, high quality and repeatability matter.
Vacuum infusion, done correctly, produces laminates with very high technical properties:
an optimal fibre-to-resin ratio (ok. 60/40),
a minimal amount of air bubbles and voids,
very good quality repeatability,
lower mass compared with hand layup,
an excellent visual result (especially with carbon).
By using low-viscosity epoxy infusion resins, it is possible to make parts whose strength approaches that of prepreg technology, without the need for an autoclave.
A mould for vacuum infusion must meet several conditions:
airtight and rigid – it holds the vacuum,
a surface compatible with epoxy resin (epoxy moulds are the best choice),
fitted with a flange on which the vacuum bag can be sealed.
Typowy zestaw do infuzji obejmuje:
reinforcement fabric (carbon, glass, flax, hybrid),
peel ply – a release and surface-texture layer,
infusion mesh (flow media) – speeds up resin flow,
alternatywnie: Flowlease – a ready-made combination of infusion mesh and release film in a single layer (2-in-1),
spiral tube – distributes resin along the edge of the laminate,
vacuum bagging film,
sealant tape (e.g. Airseal5),
silicone connectors, hoses, clamps,
a resin container and a resin trap (catch pot),
a vacuum pump capable of producing a high vacuum,
an epoxy infusion resin (Resoltech 1800 ECO) for infusion with very low viscosity.
Each of these items has a specific function, and leaving any of them out can end in a failed infusion.
In infusion, temperature is the parameter that decides whether your laminate succeeds or fails.
Optymalny zakres: Work should be carried out at a temperature of 20–25°C.
Zbyt niska temperatura: It causes a sharp rise in resin viscosity. The resin becomes as thick as honey, flows more slowly and may not fully wet out the laminate. The gelling and cooling process can also be disrupted.
Zbyt wysoka temperatura: It shortens the open time of the resin. If the resin has a short pot life, it will start to harden halfway through and the whole part will be scrap.
Rememberthat the temperature of the mould and fabrics is just as important as the temperature of the resin itself. If you bring cold fabrics in from the warehouse, they will act as a brake on the flow.
In infusion the aim is approximately 60% fibre and 40% resin by weight (the standard ratio for vacuum infusion per Resoltech guidelines).
resin quantity [g] = fabric mass [g] × 0.66
Masa tkaniny (g) = powierzchnia (m²) × gramatura (g/m²) × liczba warstw
Example:
3 warstwy tkaniny 200 g/m²,
0.5 m² x 200 g of fibre x 3 plies = 300 g,
resin quantity = 300 g x 0.66 = 198 g of resin,
Add an allowance for the peel ply, mesh and lines of ~700 g per 1 m² (the exact figure comes from experience and the whole setup of the workstation)
198 g of resin for the laminate + 350 g process allowance = approx. 550 g of resin
To this you need to add:
consumption by the peel ply and mesh,
a small reserve in the line and the container.
👉 In practice, you always prepare a little more resin to avoid interrupting the infusion.
Przygotowanie formy
The mould is cleaned and treated with a release agent.
Dry layup of fabrics
The reinforcement plies are precisely fitted to the shape of the mould.
Warstwy pomocnicze
Peel ply and infusion mesh are laid over the fabrics (or a single layer of Flowlease as a ready-made replacement for both materials).
Resin and vacuum lines
The spiral tube feeds the resin and the vacuum connector draws off the air.
Closing the vacuum bag
The whole assembly is sealed and leak-tested.
Vacuum test
The system must hold an almost full vacuum for ten to twenty minutes.
Resin degassing
(opcjonalne)
Once the resin line is opened, the laminate is wetted out in a controlled manner.
Closing the lines and curing
Once the laminate is fully wetted out, the lines are closed and the part remains under vacuum until cured.
Although this step is not mandatory, in professional projects it is almost essential.
It involves placing the mixed resin in a vacuum chamber before starting the infusion.
Why choose it? Air gets into the resin during mixing. Degassing removes the micro-bubbles, which practically eliminates the risk of so-called pinholi (micro-holes) on the surface of the finished part.
Uwaga: This process will shorten your working time (pot life), so you need to work efficiently.
The moment at which the vacuum line or the resin line is closed has a significant effect on the surface appearance and the final resin-to-fibre ratio. Although this decision largely comes down to the operator's experience, a few proven rules apply.
For better surface quality (decorative layer)
W zastosowaniach, gdzie kluczowy jest efekt wizualny (e.g. visible carbon fibre parts):
najpierw close the vacuum line,
allow the resin to keep flowing into the laminate for a short time,
then close the resin line.
This approach:
allows the outer layer to be gently topped up with resin,
ogranicza ryzyko pinholi i suchych miejsc,
improves the appearance of the decorative surface.
For better mechanical properties (lower mass, higher strength)
W projektach technicznych, gdzie priorytetem jest strength and minimal mass:
najpierw close the resin line,
leave the vacuum active for a little longer,
only then close the vacuum line.
W efekcie:
the vacuum removes excess resin from the laminate,
a more favourable ratio is obtained fibre / resin,
the part is lighter and more "engineered".
a leaking vacuum bag,
too little resin,
poorly positioned infusion mesh,
"bridging" of the bag in the corners of the mould,
closing the resin line too early.
poorly positioned infusion mesh (or the Flowlease perforated film laid the wrong way round relative to the laminate),
Infuzja nie wybacza improwizacji – kluczem do sukcesu jest przygotowanie.
Working with chemicals and vacuum requires strict adherence to safety rules:
Ochrona osobista: Always use nitrile gloves (epoxies are strong sensitisers), safety glasses and a mask with gas filters (especially for large surfaces and poorly ventilated rooms).
Wentylacja: Ensure good air exchange. Resin and release agent vapours are not harmless to health.
Resin trap (catch pot): Never connect the vacuum pump directly to the bag. Always use an intermediate container to avoid drawing resin into the pump – which would destroy it immediately.
